Experts have been talking about a U.S. recession for close to a year now, but with no official announcement, the debate continues. Here is an update based on the most recent economic reports to help better understand where the economy currently sits and if a recession is still on the horizon.
A drop in output across all leading economic indicators defines a recession. More specifically, if employment levels drop, consumer spending decreases and industries don’t produce as much as they did previously. These areas of economic activity have to be in a long-term decline for there to be an official call, a definitive recession.
While the final monthly and quarterly figures for those activities are used to calculate a recession, they are not representative of the state of the economy. The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) is the company that calls it a recession whenever it sees that economic symptoms of slowdown continue to appear.
In the past, the NBER would call it a recession after two consecutive quarters of negative gross domestic product (GDP). What makes things different this time is that other economic signals have shown strength in the same era of contraction. This forced the NBER to reassess its situation.
Finally, notice that the NBER states that there is no hard and fast rule related to the measures involved in its decision-making process. In other words, the NBER doesn’t rely on just 3 reports or the same set of reports each time. The economy is weakening. It uses all the data from the following signs and much more to make your decision-making process easier.
Gross domestic product performed poorly in the first two quarters of 2022, contracting by -1. 6% in the first quarter and -0. 6% in the second quarter. These losses were reversed in the third quarter of 2022 with an increase of 2. 9%. The effects are due to an increase in exports and customer spending, but are offset by a decrease in real estate investment. The slowdown in the real estate structure reduced GDP by 1. 4%.
This measure is vital because it provides us with a review of the overall expansion of the economy. A high GDP indicates that the economy is developing rapidly, and the Federal Reserve would possibly step in to raise interest rates to slow it down, hoping to curb inflation. GDP is a sign of a weak economy and may also prompt the Federal Reserve to cut interest rates to spur further expansion.
Today, the Federal Reserve finds itself in a complicated scenario: the economy appears to be slowing, according to GDP reports, while inflation remains high.
The unemployment rate in November 2022 remained stable at 3. 7%, staying within the narrow 3. 5% to 3. 7% window it has been in since March this year. In fact, the economy added 263,000 (non-farm) jobs in November, keeping the unemployment rate strong even as many corporations laid off gigantic numbers of workers. It’s possible that the Federal Reserve will simply try to lower the employment rate to curb inflation and GDP growth.
The unemployment rate is significant because corporations lay off staff to save on hard work costs and skills. When they lay off staff or impose a hiring freeze, their ability to grow typically slows because they have fewer staff to do the tasks at hand and there is less cash allocated to expansion activities such as innovation or improving existing products. Companies become less productive and sell fewer products. In turn, a slowdown in business expansion slows GDP expansion because business output has declined.
The most recent employment report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics showed that average hourly earnings were up 0. 6% from last month. That’s double what economists estimated. Year-over-year, average hourly earnings increased 5. 1%.
An increase in wage expansion means more cash flows into the economy. When consumers have more to spend, the economy grows. When there is a slowdown in wage expansion, consumers simply have less means to spend. When consumers can’t or don’t need to spend, commercial output slows as fewer people buy goods.
What is unique in the current environment is that although wages are rising, they are doing so at a slower pace than the rate of inflation. This means that although other people are making more money from their work, this doesn’t seem to be the case, as the costs they pay for goods are rising faster than their wages.
The current economic signs of a recession have yet to emerge. Economists and monetary experts are still debating whether a recession is coming, but it may not be as long or as severe as first expected. Most analysts still expect a recession in 2023. Today we are all wondering when, how long and how serious it will be.
The saying “this time is different” takes on its full meaning in today’s context. Even though GDP has slowed for two quarters, the unemployment rate remains low. This is true even though many industries have frozen hiring or laid off, perhaps because large numbers of people who have been laid off find work quickly.
Home workstations or hybrid workplace arrangements that result in lower or no travel costs give the painter a raise. Another side of the employment figures is that millions of people have left the world of work during the pandemic and have not yet returned to traditional employment. Other losses are due to the pandemic and the arrival of many baby boomers at retirement age.
Another thing at stake is the stimulus money that other people earned during the pandemic. Not only did other people receive cash, but rent and student loan bills were also deferred, allowing many of us to save more. During the months of the pandemic, the traditionally single digit private savings rate reached about 30%, or about $2. 3 trillion. This means that other people are more likely to have the money to keep up with emerging costs today, at least in the short term.
Although many economists still predict that the U. S. economy will enter a recession in 2023, there are signs that this might not happen. Fuel prices are falling, as are the prices of uncooked curtains. The prices of some must-have items are slowly coming back up. Its pre-inflation price levels and supply chain is returning to normal.
Consumers are spending despite predictions of a slow holiday season from retailers. We need to continue closely monitoring the latest economic reports to see when the economy will enter into a recession or if it can be averted. Q.ai takes the guesswork out of investing.
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